The high, steep Sobaek Range in the northern and western districts surrounds the broad plain near the Nakdonggang River like a folding screen. With Mt. Wunmunsan and Mt. Biseulsan to the south, the overall topography appearances like an extensive basin.

Toward the east there is a 335km coastline with superior scenery that meets the clear East Sea. Ulreung-do and Dok-do on the eastern tip of the East Sea are included in Gyeongsangbuk-do Province.