The high, steep Sobaek Range in the northern and western districts surrounds the broad plain near Nakdonggang River, like a folding screen. With Mt. Wunmunsan and Mt. Biseulsan to the south, the overall topography looks like an extensive basin.

On the east coast is a 335km coastline with a superior scenery that meets the clear East Sea. Ulleung-do and Dok-do on the eastern tip of East Sea are part of Gyeongsangbuk-do.